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The Spelling of Plural Words Luckily, for most words in the English language, all you have to do to make a plural is to add an 's' to the end of the word. So: Singular a table one cake a planet becomes becomes becomes Plural two tables three cakes many planets However, there are a few words that behave differently and I've provided two worksheets which deal with those exceptions that tend to cause spelling difficulties. These are: Plurals of words ending in 'y' Plurals of words ending in 'x', 'sh', 's', 'ss', and 'ch'. Plurals of Words Ending in 'y' These follow a fairly simple pattern which is easy to follow as long as you remember the difference between a vowel and a consonant. (Vowels are 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o' and 'u'. All the other letters are consonants) If the word has a consonant before the final 'y' then the plural ends with 'ies': Singular bully pony canary spy becomes becomes becomes becomes Plural bullies ponies canaries spies If the word has a vowel before the final y then you just add an 's': Singular day delay survey toy becomes becomes becomes becomes Plural days delays surveys toys Now fill in the missing words in the following grid: Singular Plural Singular Plural donkey dictionary colony fairy essay Sunday story similarity berry artery Plurals of words ending in 'x', 'sh','s', 'ss', and 'ch'. Some people describe these as words that "hiss" at the end. I'm not sure that 'ch' hisses exactly, but you get the idea. All you need to do is add '-es' to make the plurals, like this: Singular box bush atlas glass church becomes becomes becomes becomes becomes Plural boxes bushes atlases glasses churches Now fill in the missing words in the following grid: Singular Plural Singular Plural sandwich guess tax brush crash octopus beach circus witness reflex virus address
Spelling Plural Nouns

Here are some general rules for spelling plural nouns.

NounsPluralExamples
Most nounsadd sbook, books; cup, cups; sprout, sprouts
Most nouns that end in ch, sh, s, x, or z add esbox, boxes; bus, buses; prize, prizes
Most nouns that end in a vowel and yadd sboy, boys; day, days; key, keys
Most nouns that end in a consonant and yy becomes iesbaby, babies; spy, spies
Most nouns that end in f or fef or fe becomes veself, elves; loaf, loaves; thief, thieves
Most nouns that end in oadd skangaroo, kangaroos; piano, pianos; video, videos
Certain nouns that end in a consonant and o add eshero, heroes; potato, potatoes; volcano, volcanoes

Some Exceptions

Certain English nouns change a vowel sound when they become plural. These include goose, geese; man, men; mouse, mice; and tooth, teeth.

Some nouns don't change at all when they become plural. These include deer, fish, sheep, and species.

A few nouns have plural forms that are left from Old English. These include child, children and ox, oxen.


http://www.spelling.hemscott.net/plurals1.html