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The conceptual design phase is the most important part of the design process. It consists of: •Making a wish list of what the aircraft will do. This is a preliminary specification. What are the various types of aircraft? http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/aircraftworld.html How should you ideally go ahead with manufacture of large aircraft? http://www.qureshiuniversity.com/aircraftmanufactureworld.html •Size lifting and control surfaces. •Select and design airfoils. Many projects such as; the variable wing geometry, high speed aircraft, the Lancair and Stallion, the jump start gyroplane, the Acro 1 have required special airfoils. •Make a three view drawing of aircraft. •Make an inboard profile layout showing location of all major components. •Perform a weight and balance and stability check and rearrange components to meet requirements. •Calculate performance. •Make an isometric drawing to show what aircraft looks like. •Final aircraft specification. Once the conceptual design is completed, the structural design can be started. This includes: •Perform structural design, sizing and optimization. •Design fixed or retractable landing gear. •Design pressurized hull and system. •Make detailed layouts using drafting and CAD systems. •Perform loads and stress analysis. •Perform finite element analysis for composites, metallic structures, buckling, linear/nonlinear static, eigenvalue and mode shapes, transient thermal analysis, shock analysis, sin sweep, random vibration. •Perform flutter analysis. •Design lightning strike protection. •Design icing protection system design. •Design drive shaft and propeller if necessary. •Perform material testing at ambient and elevated temperature. •Complete fabrication of composite aircraft parts and prototyping. Since composite materials and fabrication techniques may vary from design to design and result in different material properties, it is important to perform material testing at room and elevated temperature. Aircraft Designs has a series 1220 universal test machine. The following composite material tests are used at ADI. The material properties from these tests are used in sizing the final structure. •Inplane Rail Shear Test per North American Rockwell set up •Inplane Shear per ASTM D3518 •Tensile Test per ASTM D3039 •Compression Test similar to ASTM D695 and Boeing set up •Honeycomb core Shear per ASTM C273 •Honeycomb core Flatwise Tension per ASTM C297 •Honeycomb core Compression per ASTM C365 http://www.aircraftdesigns.com/designing-aircraft.html |