| Admissions | Aircraft | Aviation World | Ambassadors | Accreditation | A to Z Degree Fields | Books | Catalog | Colleges | Contact Us | Continents/States | Construction | Contracts | Distance Education | Emergency | Emergency Medicine | Examinations | English Editing Service | Economy and budget | Forms | Faculty | Governor | Grants | Hostels | Honorary Doctorate degree | Human Services | Human Resources | Internet | Investment | Instructors | Internship | Login | Lecture | Librarians | Languages | Manufacturing | Membership | Observers | Products | Public Health | Publication | Professional Examinations | Programs | Professions | Progress Report | Recommendations | Ration food and supplies | Research Grants | Researchers | Services | Students login | School | Search | Software | Seminar | Study Center/Centre | Sponsorship | Tutoring | Thesis | Universities | Work counseling |
|
All the material on earth is in three states-solid, liquid, and gas. Solids Keep their shape unless they are broken Do not flow Cannot be compressed (keep the same volume) Liquids Do not keep their shape, they take the shape of the container thay are in Flow Cannot be compressed (keep the same volume) Gases Do not keep their shape, they completely fill the container that they are in Flow, spread out quickly from where they are to start with (this is called diffusion) Can be compressed (squashed into a much smaller volume) Matter can be neither created nor destroyed. Matter can be changed physically. Matter can be changed chemically. Secondly, let us deal with the uses of the three states of matter. Solids Solids are used where we need something to keep its shape or to support something. This is because they keep their shape, stay where they are put and cannot be compressed. Imagine a chair. Try to imagine what it would be like if the chair was made from a liquid. Would it keep its shape? Would it support your weight? Would it stay where you put it? Now, think why bike frames, scaffolding poles and motor vehicle bodies are made from solids. Liquids Liquids are used where we need something to flow e.g. for making a drink, or when we need something to take up the shape of a container such as a mould. A good example of this is making a jelly. The jelly (solid) has to be turned into a liquid (in this case by dissolving) so that it takes up the shape of the mould. It is then left to set (i.e. go solid again) so that it keeps its shape when removed from the mould. hot drink A drink has to be a liquid. What general property of liquids are important for their use as drinks? Now think why swimming pools are filled with water and why shampoo and shower gel are liquids. Gases Gases are used when we need something to spring back after it has been squashed e.g. in a tyre or when we need something to spread out e.g. fly killer spray. This is because gases can be compressed by a lot and, when you release tha force that is compressing the gas, it will go back to its original state. If a gas is released from a container, it will spread out wherever it can so if you spray some fly killer at one end of a room, given time, it will spread throughout the room. That's a big question - because materials are the basic substances that make up, well, you name it! Materials can be natural - like wood, or human-made - like plastic. There are now about 300,000 different known materials (if you named one every second, it would take you more than three whole days and nights just to get through the list!). And as materials scientists create and combine materials in new ways, the number's almost infinite. |
|
Question: What are the three states of matter? Answer: All matter on Earth exists in one of three states - solid, liquid or gas. Question: What is a liquid? Answer: A liquid is any substance that has a definite volume, but a shape that changes easily. A liquid fills the shape of its container, but the liquid has a definite surface boundary. List of Questions Question: What is a solid? Answer: A solid is a substance that has a fixed volume and shape. A solid does not flow to assume the shape of its container. List of Questions Question: What is a gas? Answer: A gas is a substance that has no fixed volume or shape. Gas expands to fill the shape and volume of its container. Why does matter change state? Answer: The temperature determines the state of a substance. When heated, a solid changes to a liquid, and a liquid to a gas. These changes of state take place because the molecules, or tiny bits of matter that make up the substance, vibrate faster when the substance is heated. When the molecules vibrate faster, the forces that hold the molecules together get weaker. When cooled, a gas changes to a liquid, and a liquid changes to a solid. What are the states of water? Answer: The three states of water are: solid, liquid, and gas. When its temperature drops below 0 C, water turns to ice. Between 0 C and 100 C, water exists are a liquid. Above 100 C, water changes to a gas called steam. What is a solution? Answer: A solution is a mixture of one substance dissolved in another Sugar dissolves in water to make a sugar-water solution. What is a colloid? Answer: A colloid consists of tiny particles of matter that are dispersed evenly throughout a gas, liquid, or solid. If left to stand, the tiny particles of matter will not settle out of the gas, liquid, or solid. What is an element? Answer: An element is a substance made of just one type of atom. Gold is an element. A solid piece of gold is made only of gold atoms. Review of Types of Matter * A pure substance has a constant, defined composition and cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means. There are two types of pure substances, elements and compounds. o Elements are pure substances that are made of only one type of atom. The periodic table is a table containing all elements. o Compounds are pure substances that are made of more than one type of atom, and can be decomposed or broken down into its elements by chemical means. * A mixture is composed of more than one element and / or compound. Different mixtures of the same substances can have different compositions (i.e., a mixture of water and sodium chloride may be 80% water and 20% sodium chloride, or 20% water and 80% sodium chloride.) There are two types of mixtures, homogeneous and heterogeneous. o A homogeneous mixture has the same composition of elements and / or compounds throughout. If you observed a homogeneous mixture under a microscope, you would see that the particles of various components are evenly distributed. A homogeneous mixture is also called a solution. o A heterogeneous mixture has different regions or areas with different compositions and properties. The substances in a heterogeneous mixtures are not evenly distributed. |