Noun Phrases: What are the types?
How do you teach noun phrases in American English?
Teach these questions.
Noun phrase: What is it? What is a noun phrase?
A noun phrase is a group of two or more words that functions like a noun. A noun phrase consists (consists here is a verb/third person singular) of a noun with one or more modifiers before or after the noun. A noun phrase can consist of a noun or pronoun. A noun phrase can be the subject of the verb, object of the verb, complement of the verb, complement of a preposition, object complement, appositive, and many more. At least 10 functions of a noun phrase exist in a sentence.
Phrases in English: How many categories are there?
At least 15
Noun phrases: How many types are there?
At least 11.
What are various examples or what are various types?
https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/phrases.html
What are the functions of a noun or noun phrase in a simple declarative sentence?
Subject of the sentence
Object of a preposition
Direct object of the verb (Whom or what is receiving the action of the verb?)
Indirect object
Subject complement
Predicate nominatives
Object complement
Appositive
Direct address
Absolute phrase or nominative absolute
Functions of a noun phrase: What are various example sentences in a simple declarative sentence?
1. Dr. Asif Qureshi elaborated on the issue, stating, “I can guide 19 specific types of physicians. I can guide 33 types of lawyers. I can guide 60 categories of skills. I can guide more than 1000 different professions, including teachers, lawyers, engineers, and law enforcement. I have authored more than 5 non-fiction books. I spend 8 hours per day, 56 hours per week, doing executive research. I author questions relevant to issues. I find and write answers relevant to the questions I authored. On or before February 11, 2024, other schools or higher learning establishments in the United States have not displayed similar professional questions and answers. A relevant job title for Dr. Asif Qureshi is program director, state director of human resources, Central Intelligence Agency director, or chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions or the equivalent.”
Dr. Asif Qureshi investigates in the United States. (Object of preposition)
2. Dr. Asif Qureshi will be investigating this case. (Object)
3. Dr. Asif Qureshi is an author. (Subject complement)
4. Dr. Asif Qureshi gave a kiss to her. (Direct object indirect object)
5. Dr. Asif Qureshi gave her a kiss. (Indirect object direct object)
6. Dr. Asif Qureshi, an author, will be investigating this case. (Appositive)
7. They elected (voice vote) Dr. Asif Qureshi president. (Object complement)
8. Dr. Asif Qureshi is a star. What is a predicate nominative in American English grammar?
A type of subject complement that describes the subject and renames it. A predicate nominative is a noun that follows a linking verb and renames the subject. A predicate nominative is also known as a predicate noun. Dr. Asif Qureshi is brilliant. (Predicate adjective)
9. Dr. Asif Qureshi, I have a question. Students, you need to follow these instructions. Dear readers, you need to circulate this to all. (Direct address)
10. Dr. Asif Qureshi speaking, he answered.
Absolute phrase or nominative absolute
Spring advancing, she spoke. When spring was advancing, she spoke.
How do you create a subordinate clause from a nominative absolute?
Add a subordinating conjunction at the start: Because, When, After, With, When
and a form of the verb to be: was, etc.
Spring advancing, she spoke. When spring was advancing, she spoke.
Is there a difference between an absolute phrase and a nominative absolute?
They have the same meaning.
"The soldiers needing backup, helicopters soon arrived."
Soldiers is part of the nominative absolute construction with the participle needing, and helicopters is the subject of the verb arrived. Nominative absolute
"The soldiers, needing backup, radioed command for helicopters."
Soldiers is not part of the nominative absolute construction; it is the subject of the sentence (subject of the verb radioed).
11. Dr. Asif Qureshi authored a history book. History is the noun used as an adjective to modify book.
What is it? Noun as an adjective
What is the structure of a noun phrase?
2 words can make a noun phrase.
Noun phrase example: The officers (noun phrase)
Noun phrase in a simple declarative sentences: The officers will be investigating this case.
See also extended noun phrase.
7 premodifiers + noun + 8 postmodifiers.
What is the difference between a noun phrase and a noun clause?
A noun phrase does not have a subject-verb combination.
A noun clause has a subject-verb combination.
Noun phrase example: The officers
Noun phrase in a sentence: The officers will be investigating this case.
Noun clause: What you are seeing
Noun clause in a sentence: What you are reading at these resources is American English.
What are the types of noun phrases relevant to their position?
Subject/object/subject complement/object complement/object of a preposition
How do you identify a noun phrase in a sentence?
Identify the noun. Identify the premodifiers before the noun. Identify the postmodifiers after the noun.
A noun phrase can be two words. A noun phrase can be more than two words.
What can be placed before a noun as premodifiers?
See the list of premodifiers.
What can be placed after a noun as postmodifiers?
See the list of postmodifiers.
What are the examples of premodifiers before a noun in this sentence?
All the intelligent, monitoring, energized, noble executive officers need to learn problem solving relevant to their job from Dr. Asif Qureshi via the internet.
What are the examples of postmodifiers after a noun in this sentence?
All the intelligent, monitoring, energized, noble executive officers who need to learn problem solving relevant to their executive job will be resolving this case.
What are examples of premodifiers before a noun in this sentence?
1. predeterminer (All)
2. determiner (the)
3. descriptive adjectives (intelligent/see 20 categories of adjectives)
4. present participle (monitoring)
5. past participle (energized)
6. nominal compound (noble)
7. noun (executive) + noun (officers) + postmodifier (relative clause) + verb phrase (will be investigating) + this case (object).
What are examples of postmodifiers after a noun in this sentence?
1. relative clause (who need to learn problem solving relevant to their executive job)
2. prepositional phrase
3. present participle phrase
4. past participle
5. adjective phrases
6. nominal compound
7. appositive or nominal clause as an appositive used as a postmodifier
8. infinitive
+ verb + noun phrase + object (this case)
Use 1 or 2 postmodifiers in one sentence. All postmodifiers in one sentence will be confusing.
See the list of verbs at https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/actionverbs.html
Verb-verb combinations
What verb-verb combinations were used in the sentence?
Helping verb + main verb
At least 12 tenses
How many other verb-verb combinations are possible?
At least 8 verb-verb combinations are possible. This includes helping verb + main verb with 12 tenses.
What are various examples?
We need to find problem solvers at the executive level.
You need to find problem solvers at the executive level.
What other verbs can be used in place of need + to infinitive?
agree
attempt
claim
decide
deserve
expect
fail
hesitate
hope
learn
manage/offer
plan
prepare
pretend
promise
refuse
seem
tend
threaten
try
want
would like
What must others know?
Research can reveal many more types.
Keep your mind open for any new research findings.
What are examples of present simple tense sentences with noun phrases?
See the document authored by Dr. Asif Qureshi.
Affirmative
Negative
Questions
What is an example of a noun phrase?
The officers
What is an example of an expanded noun phrase?
All the intelligent, monitoring, energized, noble executive officers + verb phrase + object
Premodifier examples in this sentence: All the intelligent, monitoring, energized, noble executive
All the intelligent, monitoring, energized, noble executive officers who need to research + verb phrase + object
Postmodifier examples in this sentence: Who need to research
All the intelligent, monitoring, energized, noble executive officers (noun) who need to research (relative clause) will be investigating this case.
All the intelligent (descriptive adjective: 20 categories can be placed here), monitoring (present participle), energized (past participle), noble (compound nominal) executive (noun) officers (noun) in the United States (prepositional phrase) will be investigating (verb phrase: helping verb + main verb) this case (object/at least 4-6 adverbials can be placed after this).
What is an expanded noun phrase?
A noun with a predeterminer, determiner, preposition, or other modifier with more details to the base noun. See the examples of an expanded noun phrase. An expanded noun phrase can have at least 7 different types of premodifiers and 8 types of postmodifiers.
Questions you need to answer.
Can you write sentences with premodifiers before a noun and postmodifiers after a noun in American English?
Can you label each specific type of premodifier and postmodifier in the sentence?
How many different types of premodifiers and postmodifiers can you write in a sentence?
How many maximum premodifiers before a noun and postmodifiers after a noun can you write in American English?
Can you write a press release with 7 premodifiers, 8 postmodifiers, and 6 adverbials labeled and display the press release via the internet in American English?
Dr. Asif Qureshi has answers to these questions: Who among the executives of online American newspapers can answer?
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Determiners in English
Why do you need to learn determiners in English language?
Most simple declarative sentences begin with determiners in English language.
What are examples of determiners in English language?
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A
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A Few
-
A Little
-
A Lot Of
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All
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An
-
Another
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Any area
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Both
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Each
-
Either
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Enough
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Every
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Half
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Her
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His
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It
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Many
-
Most
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Much
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My
-
Neither
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Ten (numbers)
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Other
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Our
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Quite
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Rather
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Some
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Such
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The
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That
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Their
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These
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This
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Those
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What
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Your
What are examples of simple declarative sentences that begin with determiners in English language?
A police officer will be investigating this case.
A few police officers will be investigating this case.
A little group of police officers will be investigating this case.
A lot of police officers will be investigating this case.
All police officers will be investigating this case.
An area police officer will be investigating this case.
Another police officer will be investigating this case.
Any area police officers will be investigating this case.
Both police officers will be investigating this case.
Each police officer will be investigating this case.
Either patrolling or detective police officers will be investigating this case.
Emperor Asif Qureshi will be investigating this case.
Enough police officers will be investigating this case.
Every police officer will be investigating this case.
Half-strength police officers will be investigating this case.
Her area police officers will be investigating this case.
His area police officers will be investigating this case.
Its area police officers will be investigating this case.
Many police officers will be investigating this case.
Most police officers will be investigating this case.
Much needed information will be used when investigating this case.
My area police officer will be investigating this case.
Neither journalists nor private investigators will be investigating this case.
Ten (number) police officers will be investigating this case.
Other police officers will be investigating this case.
Our police officers will be investigating this case.
Quite many police officers will be investigating this case.
Rather many police officers will be investigating this case.
Some police officers will be investigating this case.
Such police officers will be investigating this case.
The police officer will be investigating this case.
That police officer will be investigating this case.
Their area police officers will be investigating this case.
These police officers will be investigating this case.
This police officer will be investigating this case.
Those police officers will be investigating this case.
What police officers will be investigating this case?
Your area police officer will be investigating this case.
Pronouns / Subject Pronouns: I, We, You, He, She, It, They
Pronouns / Object Pronouns: Me, Us, You, Him, Her, It, Them
I will be investigating this case. (See further facts of this sentence.)
We will be investigating this case.
He will be investigating this case.
She will be investigating this case.
They will be investigating this case.
You will be investigating this case.
What type of sentence is this?
Simple declarative sentence.
Subject-verb-object pattern.
Future continuous tense.
What are determiners?
Determiners are used with nouns to clarify the noun.
The type of determiner used depends on the type of noun.
Singular Nouns - always needs a determiner
Plural Nouns - the determiner is optional
Uncountable Nouns - the determiner is also optional
There are about 50 different determiners in the English language they include:
Articles: a, an, the
Demonstratives: this, that, these, those, which etc.
Possessives: my, your, our, their, his, hers, whose, my friend's, our friends', etc.
Quantifiers:few, a few, many, much, each, every, some, any etc.
Numbers: one, two, three, twenty, forty
Ordinals: first, second, 1st 2nd, 3rd, last, next, etc.
There are eight classes of determiners
Determiners are classified as follow:
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Definite and Indefinite articles: the, a, an | | |
Demonstratives: this, that, these, those
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Possessives: my, your, his, her, its, our, their
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Quantifiers: a few, a little, much, many, a lot of, most, some, any, enough, etc. | | |
Numbers: one, ten, thirty, etc. | | |
Distributives: all, both, half, either, neither, each, every
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Difference words: other, another | | |
Interrogatives: which, what, whose
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Here are further guidelines.
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Expanded Noun Phrases
Expanded Noun Phrase simple declarative sentence: What is it?
7 premodifiers + noun + 8 postmodifers + verb or verb phrase (9 helping verb and 6 main verb combinations are possible + object + at least 4 to 6 adverbials)
How do you write a simple declarative sentence in English?
Noun phrase + verb + noun phrase or equivalent. Dr. Asif Qureshi will be investigating this case.
This is one of the patterns. There are many more.
How do you write a noun phrase?
Premodifiers + head noun + postmodifiers = noun phrase
7 types of premodifiers + head noun + 8 types of postmodifiers = noun phrase
Noun phrase + verb phrase + noun phrase = simple declarative sentence
This is one of the patterns.
The one (number) best (opinion) jolly (personality) thunderous (sound) sweet (taste) hard (touch) tall (size) fragrant (smell) quick (speed) hot (temperature) old (age) far (distance) fat (shape) full (miscellaneous qualities) bright (brightness) brown (color) punctual (time) American (origin) muscular (material) racing (purpose) Dr. Asif Qureshi, who can guide 19 specific types of physicians in addition to teachers, lawyers, engineers, and law enforcement in the United States, will be investigating this case quickly (how) in Chicago (where) today (when) because they lied (why).
Premodifiers and postmodifiers in a noun phrase: What are various examples?
The best-racing, energized, and book-producing executive Dr. Asif Qureshi, who can guide 19 specific types of physicians in addition to teachers, lawyers, engineers, and law enforcement in the United States and researched the location he authored while teaching English to determine air routes that harmed him to know the remedies and solutions, will be investigating this case.
What is a noun phrase in this sentence?
What are premodifiers in this noun phrase in this sentence?
What are postmodifiers in this noun phrase in this sentence?
What are at least 7 examples of premodifiers in a noun phrase?
What are at least 8 examples of postmodifiers in a noun phrase?
Which is a verb phrase in this sentence?
What are adverbials in this sentence?
What are examples of premodifiers before a noun in this sentence?
1. Predeterminer (All)
2. determiner (the)
3. descriptive adjectives
20 categories of adjectives)
4. present participle
5. past participle
6. Nominal compound(book-producing)
7. noun + noun + postmodifier + verb phrase
What are examples of postmodifiers after a noun in this sentence?
1. Relative clause
2. prepositional phrase
3. Present participle phrase
4. Past participle
5. Adjective phrases .
6. Nominal compound
7. Nominal clause as appositive used as post modifier
8. Infinitive
+ verb + noun phrase (this case)
Direct and indirect objects in a simple declarative sentence.
She told me this news.
Make questions about the verb told. To whom, what.
To whom did she tell the news? Me (indirect object)
What did she tell me? News (direct object)
She told me the news.
Complex Declarative Sentences with Relative Clauses
How do you write a complex declarative sentence with a relative clause?
Write an affirmative sentence using the present simple tense. Dr. Asif Qureshi investigates this case.
Add a relative clause after the subject and the object.
Dr. Asif Qureshi, who writes these documents, investigates this case, which is very complex.
Start with a relative pronoun (that, who, whom, whose, or which) or a relative adverb (where, when, why, or what):
that/who/whose/whom/which/where/when/why + subject/verb or verb/subject after the subject or after the object. Place the relative clause after the subject of the sentence or after the object of the sentence.
Relative clauses: What are at least 8 example sentences?
Relative clauses: What are various example sentences?
1. That
The lady that Dr. Asif Qureshi saw was his step-mother.
2. Who
The lady who visited Dr. Asif Qureshi was his step-sister.
A forensic psychiatrist is a physician who investigates sudden premature death or delayed death and possible criminal offenses.
A man lives next door. The man who lives next door is a doctor.
who lives next door: defining adjective clause
Dr. Asif Qureshi, who writes these documents, investigates this case, which is very complex.
3. Whose
The lady whose ID went missing became really angry.
An author whose book was released last week is coming to the local library.
4. Whom
The lady whom I am watching is doing exercises.
I want to talk to the students whom I warned earlier.
5. Which
The lady has some good books from which you can get ideas.
Some cells which show abnormality can be identified. (Some cells show abnormality. Some cells is the subject.) The researcher has identified some cells which show abnormalities.
Kashmir, which is known as paradise on earth, is in turmoil.
6. Where/when/why are relative adverbs used in complex sentences with relative pronouns.
Where
This is the place. She ______ to me here. This is the place where she ______ to me.
7. When
2004 was the year when I got approval.
The 1800s were a time when women ruled and men obeyed. The 50s were a time when the family unit was largely intact.
8. Why
I have no idea why _____ called.
Can you give me more details why you are asking?
What
I understand what you are saying.
Relative clause: Dr. Asif Qureshi investigates this case. Dr. Asif Qureshi writes these documents. Dr. Asif Qureshi, who writes these documents, investigates this case, which is a very complex issue or event
A forensic psychiatrist is a physician who investigates sudden premature death or delayed death and possible criminal offenses.
“Who” starts an adjective clause. Reduce an adjective clause to an adjective phrase. She is the person who is helping us. “Who is helping us” is the adjective clause. She is the person helping us. “Helping us” is an adjective phrase.
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Present Simple Tense: What are various examples?
Adjective, possessive
Possessive adjective + noun/name + verb + name
My name is Dr. Asif Qureshi.
Her name is Jenna.
Their emails, phone calls, and visits need to be enhanced.
Her emails, phone calls, and visits must be planned for Dr. Asif Qureshi.
Your emails, phone calls, and visits need to be enhanced.
Our English is good. We speak English very well.
Its email is blocked.
His email is displayed.
Our relationship needs to be enhanced.
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Personal pronouns, possessive pronouns and possessive adjectives in English
There are 8 possessive adjectives in English, one for each personal pronoun.
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Personal pronoun | Possessive pronoun | Possessive adjective | |
I | Mine | My | |
You | Yours | Your | |
He | His | His | |
She | Hers | Her | |
It | – | Its | |
We | Ours | Our | |
You | Yours | Your | |
They | Theirs | Their
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What is a phrase?
A phrase is two or more words that do not contain the subject-verb pair necessary to form a clause.
A group of two or more grammatically linked words that do not have subject and predicate is a phrase.
Phrases act like parts of speech inside clauses.
A phrase is not a sentence because it is not a complete idea with a subject and a predicate.
A phrase is a syntactic structure that consists of more than one word but lacks the subject-predicate organization of a clause.
Exercise
A word that shows the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence and its accompanying noun, noun equivalent, or pronoun. Ex: on the table
To + a verb and its modifiers. Ex: To eat quickly
Second noun placed beside the first noun to explain it more fully and its modifiers. Ex: Mr. Spezia, the English teacher down the hall, ate a pizza.
Verb used as an adjective and its modifiers. Ex: The girl, driving the red car, caused the accident.
Verb used as a noun and its modifiers. Ex: Wrapping Christmas presents is tedious.
Write an example of a sentence using a prepositional phrase:
Write an example of a sentence using an infinitive phrase:
Write an example of a sentence using an appositive phrase:
Write an example of a sentence using a participial phrase:
Write an example of a sentence using a gerund phrase:
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Complex Declarative Sentences
What are the types of complex declarative sentences in English?
Adverb clause complex declarative sentence
Adjective clause complex declarative sentence
Noun clause complex declarative sentence
Prepositional phrase or clause complex declarative sentence
Conditional clause or if-clause complex declarative sentence
Other. Research on many new types is unfolding.
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Subordinating conjunctions
These words can also be used as a trigger word for adverb and adjective clauses. How do you know the difference?
Simply look at how the clause functions in the sentence.
Adverb clause and phrase complex declarative sentence
After she eats, I will be investigating this case.
After eating, I will be investigating this case.
Noun Clause
Convert a question to a noun clause.
What should we know about this medical condition?
What we know about this medical condition is in the book.
Adjective clause
A forensic psychiatrist is a physician who investigates sudden premature death or delayed death and possible criminal offenses.
Who starts an adjective clause.
Reduce an adjective clause to an adjective phrase.
She is the person who is helping us. Who is helping us is the adjective clause.
She is the person helping us. Helping us is an adjective phrase.
Prepositional phrase complex declarative sentence.
On March 25, 2005, I was investigating this case.
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What phrases would I prefer?
Heads and dependents
Most phrases have an important word defining the type and linguistic features of the phrase. This word is the head of the phrase and gives its name to the phrase category. The heads in the following phrases are in bold:
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too slowly - Adverb phrase (AdvP)
Adverb clause and phrase complex declarative sentence
After she eats, I will be investigating this case.
After eating, I will be investigating this case.
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very happy - Adjective phrase (AP)
The brilliant Doctor Asif Qureshi will be investigating this case.
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the massive dinosaur - Noun phrase (NP)
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at lunch - Preposition phrase (PP)
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had been investigating - Verb phrase (VP)
Doctor Asif Qureshi had been investigating this case.
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before that happened - Subordinator phrase (SP)
Here are further guidelines.
Where do you place descriptive adjectives in a simple declarative sentence in English language?
A descriptive adjective comes before a noun.
For example: The brilliant Doctor Asif Qureshi will be investigating this case.
The is the determiner.
Brilliant is the descriptive adjective.
Doctor Asif Qureshi = proper noun
will be investigating = verb phrase
This case = object
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The circumstances of the issue included a medical consultation.
of the issue / Postmodifier Noun Phrases
Postmodifier Noun Phrases with of: The circumstances of the issue included a medical consultation.
Essay format report: What are various examples?
Press Release
Press Release in American English
The circumstances of the issue included a medical consultation. The consequences/response/results of the issue included a pleasant consultation. The issue happened at 5053 North Broadway, Chicago, Illinois 60640 United States. The issue happened at 9:30 AM on November 27, 2023. The location was managed properly. The location was approximately 250 square meters in size. The location was adjacent to Jewel Osco in Chicago, Illinois, 60640 United States. The issue lasted 60 minutes. The population living in the area is predominantly American. The prominent participants were Dr. Asif Qureshi, Kimberly Remski, and others. The issue started in a pleasant manner. The issue ended in a pleasant manner.
Dr. Asif Qureshi, who can guide more than 1000 different professions including teachers, lawyers, engineers, specific physicians, and law enforcement, has authored more than 5 non-fiction books relevant to schools, colleges, and universities. Dr. Asif Qureshi is the founder of the Global University and has displayed guidelines for various executive professionals and department executives at www.qureshiuniversity.com/departments.html.
Dr. Asif Qureshi elaborated on these issues. He said that he had elaborated on guidelines for press releases in English. He said that he had elaborated on these guidelines in English relevant to the table format, essay format, and professional question-and-answer format in English. He said that he had authored guidelines relevant to executive professionals and executives of various departments that took 8 hours per day for 23 years in Chicago, Illinois, United States.
Dr. Asif Qureshi said, “I write in American English. We need to have a debate on these topics. They are getting big salaries without fixing these issues. Regional variations exist in English. Regional variations exist in English between American English and British English. On or before April 20, 2024, at least 17 types of variations existed between American English and British English. What you are reading at these resources is American English.”
Finally, Dr. Asif Qureshi asked, “Who is responsible for standardizing these variations in America and worldwide? Who has the answer? Who is willing to give an answer? Who has the duty and responsibility to answer? Why can American lawmakers not fix these issues on or before April 22, 2024? What executive remuneration, salary, and income (for example, at least $75,000 per year) as well as retroactive credits and credits that will count toward his retirement are required for Dr. Asif Qureshi? What did you understand from the issues submitted on or before April 22, 2024, relevant to his executive remuneration, income, salary, retroactive credits, and credits that will count toward his retirement?”
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Absolute Phrase
What is an Absolute Phrase?
An absolute phrase is a phrase that modifies a whole independent clause (a full sentence); not just one word. It generally combines a noun and a participle, so it can be as short as two words, or sometimes have other modifiers and objects, too.
Absolute phrase (also called nominative phrase) is a group of words including a noun or pronoun and a participle as well as any associated modifiers. Absolute phrase modifies (give information about) the entire sentence. It resembles a clause but it lack a true finite verb. It is separated by a comma or pairs of commas from the rest sentence.
What are various examples?
Muffins baking in the oven, Amy waited for her friends to arrive.
Examples
He looks sad, his face expressing worry.
She was waiting for her friend, her eyes on the clock.
John is painting a wall, his shirt dirty with paint.
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Adjective Phrase
What is an Adjective Phrase?
An adjective phrase (or adjectival phrase) is a phrase whose head word is an adjective, e.g. fond of steak, very happy, quite upset about it, etc.
An adjective phrase is a group of words that describe a noun or pronoun in a sentence. The adjective in an adjective phrase can appear at the start, end, or in the middle of the phrase. The adjective phrase can be placed before, or after, the noun or pronoun in the sentence.
very happy - Adjective phrase (AP)
Adjective Phrase.
An adjective phrase is a group of words that functions like an adjective in a sentence. It consists of adjectives, modifier and any word that modifies a noun or pronoun.
An adjective phrase functions like an adjective to modify (or tell about) a noun or a pronoun in a sentence.
Examples.
He is wearing a nice red shirt. (modifies shirt)
The girl with brown hair is singing a song. (modifies girl)
He gave me a glass full of water. (modifies glass)
A boy from America won the race. (modifies boy)
Prepositional phrases and participle phrases also function as adjectives so we can also call them adjective phrases when they function as adjective. In the above sentence “The girl with brown hair is singing a song”, the phrase “with brown hair” is a prepositional phrase but it functions as an adjective.
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Adverb Phrase
What is an adverb phrase?
An adverb phrase is a group of two or more words that functions as an adverb in a sentence. An adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, etc. Similarly, an adverb phrase of more than one word can modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb in a sentence.
See these examples to get more clear-
I wrote this letter.
I wrote this letter smartly.
I wrote this letter very smartly.
As you can see that the first sentence (I wrote this letter) does not contain any adverb or adverb phrase at all. But the second sentence (I wrote this letter smartly) is containing an adverb (smartly) is describing the verb (wrote), it is defining how the letter is written. And, the third sentence (I wrote this letter very smartly) is containing an adverb phrase (very smartly) that describes the verb (wrote), defining how the letter is written but here an adverb phrase is used instead of a single word.
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Appositive
What is an Appositive?
An appositive is a noun that immediately follows and renames another noun in order to clarify or
classify it.
An appositive is a noun or pronoun that further identifies or explains another noun or pronoun in the sentence. An appositive is set apart with specific punctuation.
Since appositives add additional information to a sentence, most appositives can be completely removed from the sentence and the sentence will still be grammatically correct.
Appositives in Introductory Phrases
The previous examples show how an appositive can come after a noun it renames. However,
appositives can also stand as the introductory phrase of a sentence before the noun.
Appositives at the Ends of Sentences
Similarly, an appositive can be found as a phrase at the end of a sentence.
How Can I Identify Appositives?
Appositives often immediately follow a noun; appositives always help to identify the noun.
How Do I Test for Appositives?
To test to see if an appositive is needed, replace the appositive with the noun being modified.
The sentence should make sense if you substitute the appositive for the noun or noun phrase.
How Do I Punctuate Appositives?
Appositives are punctuated differently if they are restrictive or nonrestrictive.
Restrictive Appositives
Restrictive appositives are not set off with commas.
Nonrestrictive Appositives
Nonrestrictive appositives are set off with commas.
Identifying Appositives
Underline the appositive in each sentence. Rewrite the sentence
without the appositive to make sure it makes sense.
Seattle, the largest city in Washington, gets a lot of rain.
Seattle gets a lot of rain.
A talented teacher, Mr. Arthur is in room 200.
Mr. Arthur is in room 200.
Identifying Appositives
Trucks, large and small cargo carries, come in all colors.
Large and small cargo carries
The bald eagle , our national bird, soured above the trees.
Our national bird
I would love a bright red Porsche, a sports car.
a sports car.
Ken and Joyce, Ken's wife, are business partners.
Ken's wife
Macy's, a large department store, is centered in New York.
A large department store
The pyramid of Khufu, the Great Pyramid, loomed over the explorers.
the Great Pyramid
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Noun Phrase
What are noun phrases? (with Examples)
A noun phrase is a group of two or more words headed by a noun that includes modifiers (e.g., 'the,' 'a,' 'of them,' 'with him'). A noun phrase is consisted of at least two words. However, there is no limit on how long a noun phrase should be.
Determiner + Descriptive adjective + Noun = Noun Phrase
1. Quantifiers
2. Adjective + Nouns
3. Noun + Noun
4. Noun + Preposition Phrases
5. Noun + Noun Clauses
Noun phrase is making the meaning of a noun more precise from the words immediately before (pre-modifying words) or after (post-modifying) it.
Two Types:
Pre-modifying words are articles, quantifiers, adjectives and nouns.
Post-modifying words are prepositional phrases and noun clauses.
1. A noun phrase can be a subject:
2. A noun phrase can be a direct object:
3. A noun phrase can be the object of a preposition:
4. A noun phrase can be an indirect object:
A noun phrase consists of a noun and other related words (usually modifiers and determiners) which modify the noun. It functions like a noun in a sentence.
A noun phrase consists of a noun as the head word and other words (usually modifiers and determiners) which come after or before the noun. The whole phrase works as a noun in a sentence.
Noun Phrase = noun + modifiers (the modifiers can be after or before noun)
Examples.
He is wearing a nice red shirt. (as noun/object)
She brought a glass full of water. (as noun/object)
The boy with brown hair is laughing. (as noun/subject)
A man on the roof was shouting. (as noun/subject)
A sentence can also contain more noun phrases.
For example. The girl with blue eyes bought a beautiful chair.
How do you identify a noun phrase in a sentence?
In order to identify the noun phrase in a sentence, the heading noun has to be identified first. Then all the modifiers before and after it have to be identified. This group of words will be the noun phrase of the sentence.
What is an example of a noun phrase?
This is an example of a noun phrase:
the man at the table
The man at the table is a noun phrase headed by the noun man.
Here are some examples of noun phrases.
the man
This is a noun phrase as it is a group of words headed by the noun man. The is a modifier that has preceded the noun man.
a tree
This is a noun phrase headed by the noun tree. It is preceded by one modifier a.
a thoughtful man
In this noun phrase, there are two modifiers (a and thoughtful) before the noun man. man heads the noun phrase.
my neighbors upstairs
my neighbors upstairs is a noun phrase headed by the noun neighbors. It is preceded by the modifier my and followed by the modifier upstairs.
my American neighbors across from me
This is a noun phrase headed by the noun neighbors. The noun neighbors is preceded by two modifiers (my and Japanese) and followed by three modifiers (across, from, and me).
their leather boots
Their leather boots is a noun phrase headed by the noun boots. The noun boots is preceded by two modifiers (their and leather).
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Prepositional phrase.
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A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, object of preposition(noun or pronoun) and may also consist of other modifiers.
e.g. on a table, near a wall, in the room, at the door, under a tree
A prepositional phrase starts with a preposition and mostly ends with a noun or pronoun. Whatever prepositional phrase ends with is called object of preposition. A prepositional phrase functions as an adjective or adverb in a sentence.
Examples.
A boy on the roof is singing a song. (As adjective)
The man in the room is our teacher. (As adjective)
She is shouting in a loud voice. (As adverb)
He always behaves in a good manner. (As adverb)
Adverb Phrase
An adverb phrase is a group of words that functions as an adverb in a sentence. It consists of adverbs or other words (preposition, noun, verb, modifiers) that make a group with works like an adverb in a sentence.
An adverb phrase functions like an adverb to modify a verb, an adjective or another adverb.
Examples
He always behaves in a good manner. (modifies verb behave)
They were shouting in a loud voice. (modifies verb shout)
She always drives with care. (modifies verb drive)
He sat in a corner of the room. (modifies verb sit)
He returned in a short while. (modifies verb return)
A prepositional phrase can also act as an adverb phrase. For example in above sentence “He always behaves in a good manner”, the phrase “in a good manner” is a prepositional phrase but it acts as adverb phrase here.
Verb Phrase
A verb phrase is a combination of main verb and its auxiliaries (helping verbs) in a sentence.
Examples.
He is eating an apple.
She has finished her work.
You should study for the exam.
She has been sleeping for two hours.
According to generative grammar, a verb phrase can consist of main verb, its auxiliaries, its complements and other modifiers. Hence it can refer to the whole predicate of a sentence.
Example. You should study for the exam.
An infinitive phrase consist of an infinitive(to + simple form of verb) and modifiers or other words associated to the infinitive. An infinitive phrase always functions as an adjective, adverb or a noun in a sentence.
Examples.
He likes to read books. (As noun/object)
To earn ________ is a desire of everyone. (As noun/subject)
He shouted to inform people about fire. (As adverb, modifies verb shout)
He made a plan to buy a car. (As adjective, modifies noun plan)
Gerund Phrase
A gerund phrase consists of a gerund(verb + ing) and modifiers or other words associated with the gerund. A gerund phrase acts as a noun in a sentence.
Examples
I like writing good essays. (As noun/object)
She started thinking about the problem. (As noun/object)
Sleeping late in night is not a good habit. (As noun/subject)
Weeping of a baby woke him up. (As noun/subject)
Participle Phrase
A participle phrase consists of a present participle (verb + ing), a past participle (verb ending in -ed or other form in case of irregular verbs) and modifiers or other associate words. A participle phrase is separated by commas. It always acts as an adjective in a sentence.
Examples
The kids, making a noise, need food. (modifies kids)
I received a letter, mentioning about my exam. (modifies letter)
The table, made of steel, is too expensive. (modifies table)
We saw a car, damaged in an accident. (modifies car)
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Identify the type of phrase
adjective phrase
noun phrase
adverb phrase
verb phrase
preposition phrase
Questions that need to be answered.
What is a phrase and types of phrase?
How do you identify a phrase in a sentence?
What is an Adpositional phrase?
What is the phrase in English grammar?
What is an example of a phrase?
What is difference between clause and phrase?
What are examples of prepositional phrases?
What is a phrase verb?
What is a phrase for children?
Can a phrase be a sentence?
What are the three types of phrases?
What is a noun phrase with examples?
What is a noun or noun phrase?
What is an example of a verb phrase?
What is a verbal phrase examples?
What is the verb in a sentence?
What is an example of a verbal?
What is a verbal phrase in math?
What is a phrasal verb give two examples?
What is the difference between an idiom and a phrasal verb?
What are some examples of phrasal verbs?
What is a phrasal verb in English grammar?
What is a phrasal preposition?
What is a verb preposition?
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Appositive Phrase
An appositive phrase is a phrase that renames an earlier noun or pronoun:
My best friend, Nick Palacio, loves scuba diving.
We watched Sirius, the brightest star in the sky.
In these examples, the appositive is a noun phrase. But you can use other phrases as appositives too:
My dream, to make it to the NBA, is what keeps me going. (infinitive phrase)
Matthew’s special talent, bouncing on his head on the trampoline, gives him a unique perspective on life. (participial phrase)
Appositives are great for inserting some extra information in a sentence.
Absolute Phrase
An absolute phrase will contain a noun or a pronoun with a participle. Again it may also contain additional associative words and modifiers. An absolute participle will modify a whole clause, or even a whole sentence, not only one word. However, it does not constitute a complete sentence or a clause. Generally, an absolute phrase is separated by commas. Let us take a look at a few examples,
We were glued to the match, our eyes always following the ball.
He sat on the bed, his clothes neatly folded by his side.
Absolute phrases are the trickiest to identify. These phrases are not closely connected to the rest of the sentence; they don’t describe a specific word, but modify the whole sentence. They add extra information and are usually separated by commas (or dashes).
At the heart of an absolute phrase you will find a noun or pronoun and some modifiers.
Very often the modifier is a participle:
The tide coming in, most beachgoers were packing up.
Absolute phrase: The tide coming in.
Here are some more examples:
The semester finished, Karen sold all her textbooks.
Absolute phrase: The semester finished.
The ice finally frozen over, we went skating.
Absolute phrase: The ice finally frozen over.
Another way to form an absolute phrase is to add an adjective to your noun or pronoun:
Her skin sweaty and hot, Tamara looked forward to having a shower.
Absolute phrase: Her skin sweaty and hot.
In many of these examples we could add the word being (Her skin being sweaty and hot), but you can usually do without.
You’ll also notice how close these phrases are to being a clause. All you have to do is add a conjunction and change the participle to a finite verb:
When the ice finally froze over, we all went skating.
Conjunction: When.
Finite verb: froze.
And the final thing to observe is that the absolute phrase can also come at the end of the sentence.
Noun Phrase
A noun phrase is any noun or pronoun along with its modifiers:
The school children
Yesterday’s newspaper
An old and rusted slinky |
Verb Phrase
Verb Phrases and Real-world Uses
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I advised them to see a doctor.
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I made my step-sister brush her teeth. my step-sister (object)
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I need to author books. They need to learn problem solving. You need to do more.
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I prefer to speak in English language. I prefer the English language.
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I recommend visiting www.qureshiuniversity.com/departments.html for more information.
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I told them to bring a pen and notebook. Told (verb) them(object) to bring (to verb)
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I will have been investigating this case.
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They are trying to hide the incompetence.
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Verb phrase: What is it? Answer
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Verbs and verb phrases: What are their functions? Answer
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Verb Phrases: How many categories are there? Answer
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Verb Phrases: What are the various categories? Answer
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Noun followed by an infinitive: What do you call this combination? Answer
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Where do you place a verb phrase in a simple declarative sentence or question? Answer
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Can American government executives identify verb phrases in this press release written in American English? Answer
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Can you elaborate in your own words on the issues that have been addressed in this press release? Answer
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What is the difference between American English and British English? Answer
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How many categories of verb phrases are there in American English? Answer
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What are various examples? Answer
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What are various example sentences? Answer
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Can you write example sentences of different categories of verb phrases in American English? Answer
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Can you identify verb phrases in this press release written in American English? Answer
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Can you write each type of verb phrase for the verb phrases in this press release written in American English? Answer
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How many verb phrases are there in this press release written in American English? Answer
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Verb Phrase: What are various examples? Answer
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How do you write a simple declarative sentence in English language? Answer
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Verb Phrases and Real-world Uses
Verb phrase: What is it?
A verb phrase is a main verb and any modal or auxiliary verbs before it.
There are at least 8 categories of verb phrases.
Verbs and verb phrases: What are their functions?
A verb or a verb phrase expresses the action in a sentence.
A verb phrase gives more information regarding the mood and tense or time (past, present, future) of the action.
Verb Phrases: How many categories are there?
At least 8.
Verb Phrases: What are the various categories?
1. Helping verb + main verb. At least 12 types of tenses are possible.
Rule: subject + shall/will have been + investigating + object
Dr. Asif Qureshi will have been investigating this case.
Subject + will have been + verb-ing
I will have been investigating this case.
Dr. Asif Qureshi investigates this case. He/she/it investigates this case.
You investigate this case.
2. Action verb + ing form.
I recommend visiting www.qureshiuniversity.com/departments.html for more information.
3. Action verb + to form.
I need to author books. They need to learn problem solving. You need to do more.
What teams need to be nominated to fix these issues?
Which entities need to be nominated? Which entities need to lead in resolving these issues? Whose responsibilities need to be divested?
4. Action verb + object + to infinitive.
I told them to bring a pen and notebook. Told (verb) them(object) to bring (to verb)
Dr. Asif Qureshi told us to bring a pen and notebook. told (verb) us (object) to bring (to verb)
5. Action verb + to/ing.
I prefer to speak in English language.
The little girl started crying. The little girl started to cry. I like reading. I like to read.
6. Action verb + object + base: Can you help me carry these boxes? me carry (object)
I made my step-sister brush her teeth. my step-sister (object)
7. Verb + required noun + infinitive.
I advised them to see a doctor.
Verb + optional noun + infinitive.
They expect to arrive early.
They expect him to arrive early.
8. Helping verb + main verb + to infinitive.
They are trying to hide the incompetence.
Noun followed by an infinitive: What do you call this combination?
General to resign
President to resign
Where do you place a verb phrase in a simple declarative sentence or question?
Simple declarative sentence: Subject + verb + object
Questions: Interrogative phrase + verb phrase + object
There are many patterns.
Can American government executives identify verb phrases in this press release written in American English?
Can you elaborate in your own words on the issues that have been addressed in this press release?
What is the difference between American English and British English?
How many categories of verb phrases are there in American English?
What are various examples?
What are various example sentences?
Can you write example sentences of different categories of verb phrases in American English?
Can you identify verb phrases in this press release written in American English?
Can you write each type of verb phrase for the verb phrases in this press release written in American English?
How many verb phrases are there in this press release written in American English?
Issues
Dr. Asif Qureshi elaborated on the issues. The circumstances of the issues included the deprivation of rights under the color of law, discrimination, exclusion, and similar harms. I have asked for an executive job relevant to my abilities, experience, and research. I have asked for a program director position at a minimum and the Central Intelligence Agency director or better at a maximum. I feel exhausted after so many reminders and as a result of their lack of problem solving relevant to their executive jobs. On or after May 18, 2024, administrative executives and lawmakers have to fix these issues on their own. I have asked for retroactive credits that will count in my retirement. I have asked for reimbursement for the last 25 years, 1999 to 2024. The guidelines that I have developed for executives of the departments have been displayed at www.qureshiuniversity.com/departments.html. Payment, salary, and grant amounts: 10,000 per month. Job title: Program director or director of human resources or Central Intelligence Agency director or chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions or the equivalent or better is a relevant job title for Dr. Asif Qureshi. Here are further guidelines: https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/departments.html. Additional committee assignments: Chairman of the United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations, the United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, and many more. President of the reformed United Nations. Here are further guidelines: https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/legislativeserviceworld.html
Dr. Asif Qureshi elaborated on the issues as follows: The executive officers or lawmakers and associates in the United States may not be problem solvers on or after May 22, 2024. I have been harmed. We have been harmed. People have been harmed. We need to allocate a budget to address these issues. We need to be problem solvers. We need to care for real. We need to call or remind them via the internet. This is a service by publication. We need to differentiate between problem solvers and problem creators. We need to educate others. We need to fix these issues. We need to get more resources. We need to hope for the best. We need to identify problem creators. We need to join human rights debates. We need to keep this executive research from Dr. Asif Qureshi in the government archives. We need to list the issues and fix them. We need to monitor solutions and remedies. We need to plan for the future. We need to promote problem solvers in public administration. We need to recognize how regulations and professional licensing, including those of specific physicians and lawyers, have changed due to the internet.
We need to research continuously at executive levels relevant to issues at this point. We need to serve to enhance human rights. We need to transform to ensure better public administration. We need to take issues seriously. We need to update progress regularly via the internet. We need to value professional questions and answers from Dr. Asif Qureshi relevant to at least 19 specific types of physicians, 33 types of lawyers, specific teachers, engineers, and law enforcement via the internet. This has taken 23 years of research in Chicago, Illinois, United States. We need to write or author more professional questions and answers in American English. We need to zoom in and out to fix the issues.
They need to answer questions relevant to the issues. They need to agree on human rights. They need to decide a plan relevant to the issues. They need to do more for human rights. They need to improve problem solving relevant to their executive job. They need to resolve issues already submitted to them. They need to learn problem solving. They need to learn problem solving relevant to their executive jobs.
I am a problem solver at the executive level. He/She/It/Amy needs to learn problem solving. We need problem solvers at the executive level. The participants have created problems for others at the executive level. You need to find problem solvers at the executive level. We need problem solvers relevant to public administration. I can guide more than 1000 different professions, including teachers, lawyers, engineers, specific physicians, and law enforcement. I can guide 19 specific types of physicians. I have authored more than 5 non-fiction books. I can guide 33 types of lawyers. I can guide 60 categories of skills. The guidelines that I have developed for executives of the departments have been displayed at www.qureshiuniversity.com/departments.html.
See the list of more action verbs: https://www.qureshiuniversity.com/actionverbs.html. See the examples of at least 12 tenses and 6 main verb combinations. See questions patterns: How had, how have, and how will you have resolved these issues?
Finally, Dr. Asif Qureshi asked, “What did you understand? What are the issues? Who has the answer? Who is willing to answer? Who has the duty and responsibility to answer? Who was responsible for fixing these issues? Who is responsible for fixing these issues? Who will be responsible for fixing these issues? How did you resolve these issues? How have you resolved these issues? How will you have resolved these issues? How do you plan to resolve these issues? How will you plan to resolve these issues? How do you monitor the progress of the solutions and remedies? How soon will these issues be resolved? To whom did you assign these responsibilities? To whom have you assigned these responsibilities? To whom will you assign these responsibilities? Whom do you nominate to resolve these issues? What do you understand by right to remedies? What if solutions and remedies are sabotaged or delayed? What teams need to be nominated? Which new departments need to be established to fix these issues? Which departments need to be divested due to various harms? Which entities need to be assigned? Which entities or locations are responsible for resolving these issues? Which entities need to resolve these issues? Whose responsibilities need to be divested? Where are the solutions and remedies? When will these issues be resolved? Why did executive officers and lawmakers show the deselection of duties and responsibilities? Why have executive officers and lawmakers shown the deselection of duties and responsibilities? Why will executive officers and lawmakers not show a dereliction of duties and responsibilities? Why are government executives not improving their problem-solving skills? Why will executive officers need to resolve these issues on their own? Why are government executives not improving their problem-solving skills with their own efforts? Why do executive officers and lawmakers need to be reminded? Why will executive officers and lawmakers not resolve these issues on their own? Why have the issues still not been fixed?”
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